The State lies geographically in a mangrove region, its climate is characterized by humid tropical climate (1300 3000mm rain fall; 30°C mean annual temperatures) prevail over Cross River State, except on the Obudu Plateau, where the climate is sub temperate, with temperatures of 15°C 23°C

Cross River soils are predominantly of five types. These are: (i) the steep, shallow, yellowish and red gravely soils on the Oban Obudu Hills; (ii) the deep lateritic, fertile soils on the Cross River Plain; (iii) the dark clayey basaltic soils in Ikom; (iv) the sandy, heavily leached soils on the older coastal plain which are highly susceptible to gully erosion; and (v) the swampy hydromorphic soils of the lower deltaic coastal plain that is usually floated during the rains